1. Observation: This is where you identify a phenomenon or problem that you want to investigate. It's about noticing something interesting or puzzling in the world around you.

2. Question: Based on your observation, you formulate a specific question about the phenomenon. This question should be clear, focused, and testable.

3. Hypothesis: This is a proposed explanation for your observation. It's a testable prediction that you can investigate through experimentation. A good hypothesis should be clear, specific, and falsifiable (meaning it can be proven wrong).