Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation: According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force of gravitational attraction between two objects depends only on their masses and the distance between them. The Earth's rotation does not directly enter into this equation, so it does not impact the gravitational acceleration.
Constant Mass and Radius: The Earth's mass and radius (mean distance to its center) would essentially remain the same even if it stopped spinning. Since gravitational acceleration is primarily determined by these factors, it would not undergo any significant changes.
Equatorial Bulge: The Earth's rotation does cause a slight equatorial bulge due to the centrifugal force. This bulge is responsible for a small difference in gravitational acceleration between the equator and the poles. However, if the Earth stopped spinning, this equatorial bulge would gradually disappear, and gravitational acceleration would become more uniform across the globe.
Relativistic Effects: Some might argue that the Earth's rotation could have relativistic effects on gravitational acceleration. However, these effects are incredibly tiny and negligible for the macroscopic phenomena we experience on Earth's surface.
Therefore, if the Earth stopped spinning, the gravitational acceleration we experience on its surface would not noticeably increase or decrease. The primary factors determining gravitational acceleration remain the Earth's mass and distance from its center, which would not be significantly affected by the cessation of Earth's rotation.
