The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid is known as convection. Convection occurs when a warm fluid rises, while a cooler fluid sinks, creating a flow of heat. This process is driven by differences in density caused by temperature variations, which result in buoyancy forces. Convection is a significant mode of heat transfer in various natural and engineered systems, such as the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, as well as in industrial processes like cooling systems and heat exchangers.