$$a_c=\frac{v^2}{r}$$
where:
- \(a_c\) is the centripetal acceleration in meters per second squared \(m/s^2\).
- \(v\) is the speed of the particle in meters per second \(m/s\).
- \(r\) is the radius of the circular path in meters \(m\).
Centripetal acceleration is what causes a particle to move in a circular path. Without centripetal acceleration, the particle would move in a straight line.
Although the particle's speed is constant, its velocity is not because the direction of its velocity is constantly changing. And that is what causes the centripetal acceleration.