Mathematically, the magnetic force experienced by a current-carrying wire can be calculated using the Lorentz force equation:
F = q * (v x B)
where:
- F is the magnetic force vector
- q is the magnitude of the charge moving in the wire
- v is the velocity vector of the moving charge
- B is the magnetic field vector
When the direction of the current is reversed, the direction of the velocity vector (v) of the moving charges is also reversed. As a result, the cross product (v x B) changes sign, causing the magnetic force vector (F) to change direction.
In simpler terms, reversing the current direction in a wire is equivalent to swapping the roles of the north and south poles of a magnet. If the current is reversed, the magnetic field created by the wire will also reverse, resulting in a reversal of the magnetic force acting on the wire.