Push fluids are fluids that are injected into the well during drilling operations to help remove cuttings, cool the drill bit and provide lubrication. They are composed of a base fluid (water or oil), weighting materials, and additives to control fluid properties.

The main functions of push fluids include:

* Remove cuttings: Push fluids help to carry cuttings from the drill bit up to the surface. This is done by circulating the fluids down the drill pipe and back up the wellbore, carrying the cuttings with them.

* Cool the drill bit: Push fluids help keep the drill bit cool by absorbing heat from the bit and carrying it away from the wellbore. This is important to prevent the bit from overheating, which can damage the bit and slow down drilling operations.

* Provide lubrication: Push fluids provide lubrication between the drill string and the wellbore, reducing friction and preventing wear and tear. This is important for maintaining drilling efficiency and preventing damage to the drill string and wellbore.

The properties of push fluids are critical to their performance. The base fluid is typically water or oil, and the weighting materials are added to increase the fluid density. Various additives are also used to control fluid viscosity, gel strength, and other properties.

Push fluids are an essential component of drilling operations, helping to ensure that the drilling process is efficient, safe, and productive.