Charge is measured in coulombs (C), and it is determined by the number of electrons in an object. An electron has a negative charge of -1.602 x 10^-19 C. When an object has more electrons than protons, it has a negative charge. When an object has fewer electrons than protons, it has a positive charge. When an object has an equal number of electrons and protons, it has a neutral charge.
Current is measured in amperes (A), and it is determined by the number of electrons flowing past a point in a circuit per second. One ampere is equal to one coulomb per second (1 A = 1 C/s). Current can only flow when there is a complete circuit, which means that there must be a path for the electrons to flow from the negative terminal of a power source to the positive terminal.
The relationship between charge and current can be expressed by the following equation:
```
I = Q/t
```
where:
* I is current in amperes (A)
* Q is charge in coulombs (C)
* t is time in seconds (s)
This equation shows that current is equal to the charge that flows past a point in a circuit per second.
Here is a simple analogy to help you understand the difference between charge and current. Imagine a water pipe. The water in the pipe represents the electrical charge. The flow of water through the pipe represents the electric current. The amount of water in the pipe represents the total amount of charge. The speed at which the water flows through the pipe represents the current.
In summary, charge is a measure of the amount of electrical energy stored in an object, while current is a measure of the flow of electrical energy.
