A solid sphere, such as a basketball or a bowling ball, will enter the water with a low entry angle. The sphere displaces the water downward as it enters, resulting in a wave that ripples outward from the point of impact. The energy of the sphere is transferred to the water through the formation of this wave.

2. Hollow sphere

A hollow sphere, such as a beach ball or a hollow plastic ball, will enter the water with a higher entry angle compared to a solid sphere. Upon entering the water, the hollow sphere will trap a pocket of air inside it. This trapped air acts as a cushion, reducing the impact force and preventing the sphere from sinking.

3. Sphere with a high density

A high density sphere, such as a metal ball, will enter the water with the highest entry angle. It has significantly more mass compared to the solid or hollow spheres of similar size. As the metal ball enters the water, it displaces the water with extreme force, creating a louder and more significant splash compared to the other spheres.

4. Sphere with a porous surface

A sphere with a porous surface, such as a ball made of felt or fabric, will absorb some water upon impact. This absorption reduces the overall impact force and causes the sphere to sink slowly.

5. Sphere with spin

Adding spin to a sphere before entering the water affects its behavior. A spinning sphere creates a complex interaction between the water and the spinning object. The Magnus effect acts on the sphere, causing it to deviate from its original trajectory. The combination of buoyancy, gravity, and the Magnus effect determines the sphere's final trajectory and spin rate after entering the water.