1. Solar Radiation: The Sun emits energy that reaches Earth.
2. Absorption and Reflection: Some of this energy is absorbed by the Earth's surface, warming it. Some is reflected back into space.
3. Greenhouse Gases: Certain gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, trap some of the outgoing heat radiation.
4. Temperature Regulation: This trapped heat warms the planet, keeping it at a habitable temperature. Without these greenhouse gases, Earth's average temperature would be much colder, around -18°C (0°F).
However, it's important to note that human activities are increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to an enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming. This is a significant concern as it causes changes in weather patterns, rising sea levels, and other detrimental effects.
