1. Photosynthesis: Land plants are photoautotrophs, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis. They have chlorophyll in their cells, which allows them to capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of sugars.

2. Cuticle: Land plants have a waxy outer layer called a cuticle that helps prevent water loss. This is essential for survival in a terrestrial environment where water is scarce.

3. Alternation of Generations: Land plants have a life cycle that alternates between two distinct generations: a haploid gametophyte generation and a diploid sporophyte generation. This means that the plant exists in two forms, one producing gametes (sex cells) and the other producing spores.