Based on the ability to distinguish:
* Resolution: This is a common term in optics and imaging, referring to the ability to distinguish between closely spaced objects.
* Discrimination: This implies the ability to recognize and differentiate between two things.
* Differentiation: Similar to discrimination, but often used in a more scientific context.
Based on the type of object:
* Sensor: If the thing is a device that detects and distinguishes objects, you could call it a sensor.
* Detector: Similar to a sensor, but with a more specific focus on detecting a particular object.
* Identifier: This term implies that the object not only distinguishes but also identifies the objects.
Based on the method of distinguishing:
* Classifier: This term implies that the object uses a specific algorithm or rule to distinguish between objects.
* Analyzer: This term emphasizes the process of analyzing the objects to distinguish them.
The best term to use will depend on the specific context and what you are trying to convey.
