1. Biotic factors: These are the living components of an environment. This includes all plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other living organisms. They interact with each other in complex ways, forming food webs and influencing population dynamics.

2. Abiotic factors: These are the non-living components of an environment. They include things like temperature, sunlight, water, soil, air, and minerals. Abiotic factors influence the distribution and abundance of living organisms by providing essential resources and setting limits on their survival.

It's important to remember that these two parts are interconnected and work together to create a functioning ecosystem.