* Trees: Grow tall and have a single, prominent trunk with a defined crown of branches. They typically reach heights of at least 5 meters (16 feet) or more.
* Shrubs: Generally smaller and bushier than trees. They may have multiple stems arising from the ground, and are usually less than 5 meters tall.
Here's a table summarizing the key differences:
| Feature | Tree | Shrub |
|---------------|----------------------|--------------------|
| Size | Tall, over 5 meters | Smaller, under 5 meters |
| Stems | Single, prominent trunk | Multiple stems from ground |
| Growth Habit | Single, defined crown | Bushy, spreading habit |
Other considerations:
* Botanical classification: While the size difference is the most obvious distinction, there's no strict scientific rule defining what makes a tree versus a shrub. Some species can be categorized as either depending on their growth conditions.
* Local usage: In New Zealand, the terms "tree" and "shrub" are often used interchangeably, especially when referring to native species.
Examples of native New Zealand trees:
* Kauri (Agathis australis)
* Pohutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa)
* Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum)
* Totara (Podocarpus totara)
Examples of native New Zealand shrubs:
* Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium)
* Kanuka (Kunzea ericoides)
* Rewarewa (Knightia excelsa)
* Coprosma species
When in doubt, it's always best to consult with a local expert or botanist for accurate identification.
