Condensation: When warm air containing water vapour rises, it cools and condenses to form tiny water droplets. These droplets form around miniscule particles of dust, salt, and other airborne particles, which act as nucleation sites. This process of condensation results in the formation of clouds.

Collision and Coalescence: Inside the cloud, water droplets collide with one another and coalesce to form larger droplets. As these droplets grow in size, they become heavy enough to fall as rain.

Gravitational Pull: The force of gravity pulls the raindrops downward. As the raindrops descend through the cloud, they may encounter updrafts of air that cause them to be lifted back up. However, as they grow in size and become heavier, they eventually overcome these updrafts and continue falling.

When the raindrops reach a sufficient size and density, they can overcome air resistance and fall as precipitation, reaching the ground as rain. Factors like temperature, humidity, and the amount of moisture in the air influence the rate and intensity of rainfall.