- Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the particles increases, and the substance becomes more likely to change state.
- Pressure is the amount of force acting on a given area of the substance. As pressure increases, the particles in the substance are forced closer together, and the substance becomes more likely to change state.
- Volume is the amount of space occupied by the substance. As volume decreases, the particles in the substance are forced closer together, and the substance becomes more likely to change state.
The state of matter of a substance can also be affected by the presence of other substances. For example, the presence of dissolved solids can increase the boiling point of a liquid.
