1. Community Disaster Resilience Assessment (CDRA):
- Developed by the National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS), the CDRA framework provides a comprehensive assessment of community disaster resilience across seven domains: community capabilities, infrastructure systems, disaster risk knowledge, economic development, social capital, environmental sustainability, and leadership and governance.
- Each domain is further broken down into specific indicators, such as community preparedness plans, critical infrastructure redundancy, public awareness of risks, local economic diversity, social cohesion, green infrastructure, and collaborative leadership.
2. Resilience Assessment Framework (RAF):
- Created by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the RAF focuses on assessing the resilience of communities to natural hazards.
- It consists of five main components: community context and built environment, social and economic factors, community planning and capacity, infrastructure systems, and environmental hazards.
- Each component includes a set of indicators that measure aspects such as housing vulnerability, poverty levels, land use planning, transportation options, emergency management plans, and disaster response capabilities.
3. National Preparedness Assessment Tool (NPAT):
- Developed by FEMA and the National Preparedness Leadership Initiative, the NPAT provides a self-assessment tool for communities to evaluate their disaster preparedness.
- It covers areas like mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery, and risk communication.
- Communities can use the NPAT to identify strengths and gaps in their preparedness efforts and develop action plans to enhance resilience.
4. Indicators of Resilience (IoR):
- Created by the Community and Regional Resilience Institute, the IoR framework outlines a set of indicators that measure community resilience in four dimensions: economic, social, institutional, and infrastructural.
- Examples of indicators include employment diversity, volunteerism, community governance effectiveness, and transportation redundancy.
5. Social Vulnerability Index (SVI):
- Developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the SVI measures the vulnerability of communities to social and environmental stressors, including natural hazards.
- The index considers factors such as poverty, lack of access to transportation and healthcare, minority population, and housing conditions.
6. Community Resilience Scorecard:
- Developed by the Resilient Communities Project, the Community Resilience Scorecard assesses 55 indicators across seven core competencies:
- Capacity to absorb and recover from stress and change
- Capacity for self-organization
- Capacity to learn and adapt
- Capacity for innovation
- Capacity to collaborate and build relationships
- Capacity for inclusiveness and equity
- Capacity for sustainability
By employing these assessment frameworks and indicators, communities can evaluate their strengths, identify areas for improvement, and prioritize actions to enhance their disaster resilience.
