Mountain gorillas are critically endangered and live in remote and often difficult-to-access areas, making it difficult to conduct accurate population surveys. Additionally, gorillas are highly mobile and live in fluid social groups, which can make it challenging to track and monitor their movements and population dynamics. Researchers employ various techniques, such as surveys, nest counts, and genetic analyses, to estimate mountain gorilla population sizes but face limitations due to the inaccessibility of their habitat and the secretive nature of the species.