The death of the Black Prince in 1376 was most likely caused by a liver abscess, an infection that can have various causes, such as sepsis or intestinal bacteria that enters the liver through the portal vein or biliary tract.

Chronic dysentery was a prevalent and deadly disease during those times, leading many historians to attribute a number of noteworthy deaths - wrongly as modern understanding reveals - to that cause, including the demise of the English royal.