- Infrared-sensing pits: Pit vipers have specialized pits located between their eyes and nostrils. These pits contain heat-sensitive membranes that can detect infrared radiation emitted by warm-blooded prey. Snakes use this information to locate and strike at their prey with precision, even in complete darkness.

Boar snakes and pythons:

- Large eyes: Compared to pit vipers, boas and pythons have relatively larger eyes, allowing them to gather more light.

- Horizontal pupils: The pupils of boas and pythons are horizontally oriented, which provides them with a wider field of view, enabling them to detect movement in their surroundings.

- High concentration of rods: The retinas of boas and pythons contain a high density of rod cells, which are more sensitive to low light levels compared to cone cells. This adaptation enhances their night vision capabilities.

- Tapetum lucidum: Behind the retina, boas and pythons have a reflective layer called the tapetum lucidum. It reflects incoming light back onto the retina, increasing the amount of light available for vision in dim conditions.

Other snakes:

Some snake species, such as racers and rat snakes, have evolved larger eyes, horizontally oriented pupils, and increased sensitivity to low light levels, suggesting that they may also possess enhanced night vision, although their adaptations are less specialized compared to pit vipers, boas, and pythons.