Japanese Horseshoe Bats produce intricate biosonar signals consisting of two alternating components with different frequency sweeps, but their ecological or perceptual rationale remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the horseshoe bat's sensory system performs the equivalent of sonar imaging, in a manner analogous to how the human visual system processes optical blur and motion to deduce object proximity and velocity. Furthermore, the sonar signals the bats emit convey their perceived object's motion, providing auditory motion cues for the bat's prey-catching strategy.