Yes, invasive species have caused numerous extinctions. Invasive species are non-native species that have been introduced to an environment outside of their natural range and have a negative impact on the ecosystem. They can compete with native species for resources, such as food and habitat, and can transmit diseases or parasites that are harmful to native species. Invasive species can also cause habitat destruction, alter ecosystem processes, and disrupt food webs, leading to the decline and extinction of native species.

Numerous examples exist where invasive species have directly or indirectly caused extinctions. One well-known case is the introduction of the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) to Guam, which resulted in the extinction of several native bird species. The brown tree snake is an arboreal predator that preys on birds, eggs, and nestlings, and its introduction to Guam, where it had no natural predators, caused the rapid decline and eventual extinction of several bird species, including the Guam rail (Rallus owstoni) and the Guam flycatcher (Myiagra freycineti).

In the Hawaiian Islands, the introduction of non-native rats and mongooses has significantly contributed to the decline and extinction of numerous native bird and plant species. Rats and mongooses prey on native bird eggs, chicks, and plant seeds, and have played a major role in the extinction of species such as the Hawaiian crow (Corvus hawaiiensis), the ʻōʻō (Moho nobilis), and the Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi).

Invasive plant species can also cause extinctions by competing with native species for resources and altering habitat structure. For example, the introduction of the common reed (Phragmites australis) in North American wetlands has led to the decline and local extinction of several native plant species, including the Saltmarsh bulrush (Scirpus maritimus) and the seaside heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum).

The introduction of exotic diseases and parasites by invasive species can also have devastating effects on native species populations. For example, the introduction of the fungal disease chytridiomycosis by invasive bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) has been implicated in the decline and extinction of several amphibian species worldwide.

These examples highlight the significant impact that invasive species can have on native species and ecosystems, and their role in causing extinctions. Preventing the introduction of new invasive species and managing existing invasive species populations are critical for conserving biodiversity and protecting native species from extinction.