Fossils, such as insects in amber, form when living organisms become trapped in a substance that prevents their complete decay. Overtime, the organism's tissues are replaced by minerals or other materials, leaving behind a solid representation of the once-living being. In the case of the Diogenes lacewing, the amber acted as that protective substance surrounding the insect and preserving its physical structure.
The conditions necessary for such extraordinary preservation in amber require the insect to become quickly enveloped in a sticky resin substance and before succumbing to decay. If conditions are just right, this resin hardens over time into amber, a fossilized resin of plant origin, encapsulating and protecting whatever is within it while keeping elements such as oxygen and microorganisms from breaking down the remains. These particular insects became entrapped and preserved with exquisite detail, revealing important scientific details and insights into their anatomy, coloration, and behaviors from such a remote time in the ancient past.