1. Plucking: Imagine a glacier as a giant, slow-moving bulldozer. As it moves over the land, it freezes onto rocks and soil. When the glacier moves forward, it pulls (or plucks) those frozen rocks and soil away, leaving behind a jagged, uneven surface. This is particularly effective in areas with cracks and joints in the bedrock.
2. Abrasion: Think of sandpaper. As the glacier moves, the rocks and sediment embedded in its base act like sandpaper, grinding and scraping against the bedrock. This process creates smooth, polished surfaces, grooves, and even striations (parallel scratches) in the rock. Abrasion is most effective in areas where the glacier is thick and moving quickly.
