* Subduction: The oceanic crust is forced down into the Earth's mantle.
* Melting: As the oceanic crust descends, it is subjected to intense heat and pressure. This causes the crust to melt, creating magma.
* Volcanoes: This magma rises to the surface, often creating volcanoes along the edge of the continent. These volcanoes can be very active, as seen in the Andes Mountains in South America.
* Mountain Ranges: The collision itself also causes the continental crust to buckle and fold, creating mountain ranges. The Himalayas are a prime example of mountains formed by continental-continental collision.
* Earthquakes: The process of subduction is often associated with earthquakes. As the plates grind against each other, energy is released, causing tremors.
In short, when continental plates collide, the oceanic crust is forced down into the mantle, leading to volcanic activity, mountain formation, and earthquakes.
