Oxides:
* Hematite (Fe₂O₃): Red iron ore, used in steel production.
* Magnetite (Fe₃O₄): Magnetic iron ore, also used in steel production.
* Corundum (Al₂O₃): The mineral form of alumina, with varieties including ruby and sapphire.
* Chromite (FeCr₂O₄): A source of chromium, used in stainless steel and other alloys.
Sulfides:
* Pyrite (FeS₂): "Fool's gold," due to its metallic luster.
* Galena (PbS): The main ore of lead, used in batteries and other applications.
* Sphalerite (ZnS): A major source of zinc, used in galvanizing steel.
* Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂): A major source of copper, used in electrical wiring and other applications.
Sulfates:
* Gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O): A common mineral used in drywall and plaster.
* Barite (BaSO₄): Used in drilling mud and as a pigment.
* Anhydrite (CaSO₄): A dehydrated form of gypsum.
Carbonates:
* Calcite (CaCO₃): The main constituent of limestone and marble.
* Dolomite (CaMg(CO₃)₂): A common mineral used in cement production.
* Malachite (Cu₂(CO₃)(OH)₂): A green copper carbonate mineral often used in jewelry.
Halides:
* Halite (NaCl): Common table salt.
* Fluorite (CaF₂): Used in steelmaking and as a flux.
* Sylvite (KCl): Used as a fertilizer and in the production of potassium hydroxide.
Phosphates:
* Apatite (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH,Cl,F): A major source of phosphorus, used in fertilizers.
* Monazite (Ce,La,Th,Nd,Y)PO₄: A source of rare earth elements.
Native Elements:
* Gold (Au): A precious metal used in jewelry and electronics.
* Silver (Ag): A precious metal used in jewelry and photography.
* Copper (Cu): A metallic element used in electrical wiring and other applications.
Other:
* Diamond (C): A gemstone made of pure carbon.
* Graphite (C): Used in pencils and as a lubricant.
* Uraninite (UO₂): A source of uranium, used in nuclear power.
This is just a small selection of non-silicate minerals. There are many others, each with its own unique properties and applications.
