Here's a breakdown:
* Normal Fault: A type of fault where the hanging wall (the block above the fault) moves down relative to the footwall (the block below the fault).
* Horst: An uplifted block of land that is bounded by two normal faults. It stands higher than the surrounding valleys, which are called graben.
Think of it like this: Imagine pulling on both ends of a rug. The middle of the rug bulges upward, while the edges sag downwards. The bulge is the horst, and the sagging edges are the grabens.
Key characteristics of a horst:
* Elevated: The block is raised relative to the surrounding land.
* Bounded by faults: Two normal faults define the edges of the horst.
* Often associated with grabens: The valleys on either side of the horst are called grabens.
Examples of horsts can be found in the Basin and Range Province of the western United States.
