Here's a breakdown of soil horizons:

* O horizon: The uppermost layer, consisting of organic matter like leaves, twigs, and decomposing plant and animal material.

* A horizon: The topsoil, rich in organic matter, minerals, and nutrients. It's where most plant roots grow.

* E horizon: A zone of eluviation (leaching), where minerals and organic matter are transported downward. This horizon is often light in color.

* B horizon: The subsoil, where minerals and organic matter accumulate. It's often denser and less fertile than the topsoil.

* C horizon: Partially weathered bedrock, often containing fragments of the parent rock.

* R horizon: The unweathered bedrock, the parent material from which the soil develops.

Let me know if you have any other questions!