Igneous rocks:
* Basalt: A dark, fine-grained rock that weathers into rounded boulders.
* Granite: A light-colored, coarse-grained rock that weathers into blocky shapes.
* Obsidian: A dark, glassy rock that is easily fractured by wind and ice.
Sedimentary rocks:
* Sandstone: A rock composed of sand grains that can be easily eroded by wind and rain.
* Limestone: A rock composed of calcium carbonate that can be dissolved by acidic rainwater.
* Shale: A fine-grained rock that is easily broken down by frost wedging.
Metamorphic rocks:
* Marble: A metamorphic rock that is formed from limestone and can be dissolved by acidic rainwater.
* Slate: A metamorphic rock that is formed from shale and can be easily split along its cleavage planes.
* Gneiss: A metamorphic rock that is formed from granite and can be weathered into blocky shapes.
Effects of wind, rain, and ice:
* Wind: Can erode rocks by abrasion, deflation, and transportation.
* Rain: Can dissolve soluble minerals in rocks, leading to chemical weathering.
* Ice: Can expand in cracks in rocks, causing frost wedging and physical weathering.
The weathering of rocks by wind, rain, and ice can create a variety of landforms, such as:
* Canyons: Formed by the erosive power of rivers.
* Arches: Formed by wind erosion.
* Glaciers: Formed by the accumulation and movement of ice.
* U-shaped valleys: Formed by glacial erosion.
Overall, the type of rocks exposed to wind, rain, and ice plays a significant role in the weathering process and the formation of landforms.