Here's why:
* Solubility: Limestone is primarily composed of calcium carbonate, which is soluble in weakly acidic water.
* Chemical Weathering: Rainwater absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, becoming slightly acidic. This acidic water reacts with the calcium carbonate in limestone, dissolving it over time.
* Cave Formation: As acidic water seeps through cracks and fissures in limestone, it dissolves the rock, creating larger cavities and eventually, caves.
* Karst Features: The dissolution of limestone creates a variety of characteristic landforms collectively known as karst topography. These include sinkholes, caves, underground streams, and springs.
While other rocks like dolomite and gypsum can also contribute to karst formation, limestone is the most common and significant rock type associated with this phenomenon.
