The three types of sediment measured to obtain soil texture are:

1. Sand: The largest particles, with diameters ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 millimeters.

2. Silt: Intermediate in size, with diameters ranging from 0.002 to 0.05 millimeters.

3. Clay: The smallest particles, with diameters less than 0.002 millimeters.

These three particle sizes determine the soil's texture, which influences its water holding capacity, drainage, aeration, and nutrient retention.