Extracting minerals from the ground is generally called mining.

There are different types of mining, such as:

* Surface mining: Removing minerals from the surface of the earth, including open-pit mining, strip mining, and quarrying.

* Underground mining: Extracting minerals from beneath the surface, often through tunnels and shafts.

So, while "mining" is the most common term, you can also use more specific terms depending on the type of minerals extracted, the methods used, or the location.