Basalt and gabbro are both mafic igneous rocks, meaning they are rich in magnesium and iron. They share many of the same minerals, but their textures differ: basalt is extrusive (formed from lava) and has a fine-grained texture, while gabbro is intrusive (formed from magma) and has a coarse-grained texture.

Here are the common minerals found in basalt and gabbro:

Major Minerals:

* Plagioclase feldspar: A type of feldspar that ranges from albite (Na-rich) to anorthite (Ca-rich). In basalt and gabbro, the plagioclase is typically labradorite or bytownite, with a calcium-rich composition.

* Pyroxene: A group of silicate minerals including augite and hypersthene. Augite is the most common pyroxene in basalt and gabbro.

* Olivine: A green, magnesium-iron silicate mineral. Olivine is more abundant in gabbro than in basalt.

Minor Minerals:

* Magnetite: A black iron oxide mineral.

* Ilmenite: A black iron-titanium oxide mineral.

* Apatite: A phosphate mineral that can occur as small, needle-like crystals.

* Chromite: A black iron-chromium oxide mineral.

Accessory Minerals:

* Quartz: While rare, small amounts of quartz may be present in some varieties of basalt and gabbro.

* Biotite: A black mica mineral, often found as inclusions in plagioclase crystals.

The specific mineral composition of basalt and gabbro can vary depending on the specific geological setting and magma composition. However, the minerals listed above are the most common and characteristic components of these rocks.