The lines on a map that show distances north and south of the equator are called lines of latitude.

Here's why:

* Latitude: Refers to the angular distance, measured in degrees, north or south of the equator.

* Lines of Latitude: These are imaginary circles that run parallel to the equator, forming a grid system on maps.

* Equator: The most important line of latitude, dividing the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Let me know if you have any other map-related questions!