1. Maps: These were the first attempts to represent the Earth's surface on a flat surface. Early maps were often inaccurate and based on limited knowledge, but they provided a valuable tool for navigation and understanding the world.

2. Models: These were three-dimensional representations of the Earth, often made from materials like clay, wood, or metal. Models allowed people to visualize the shape of the Earth and the relative positions of continents and oceans. While less accurate than maps in terms of detail, they offered a more intuitive understanding of the globe.