Here's a breakdown:
* Normal Faults: These are fractures in the Earth's crust where the hanging wall (the block above the fault) moves down relative to the footwall (the block below the fault). This happens due to extensional stress (pulling the land apart).
* Graben: A graben is a depression, or valley, that forms between two parallel normal faults. The block of land in between is pulled downwards by the movement of the faults, creating a distinctive elongated valley.
Example: The Rhine Graben in Europe is a classic example of this geological feature.
