A scientist who finds and analyzes ancient artifacts is typically called an archaeologist.

Here's why:

* Archaeology is the study of past people and cultures through the analysis of material remains. This includes artifacts, structures, and other physical evidence.

* Archaeologists use a variety of techniques to excavate, document, and analyze these remains. They then interpret the evidence to understand the lives, beliefs, and practices of past societies.

While other scientists may be involved in analyzing specific aspects of artifacts, such as a geologist analyzing materials, the term "archaeologist" is the most comprehensive description for someone who specializes in finding and interpreting ancient objects.