1. Elevation: Topographic maps use contour lines to represent elevation. These lines connect points of equal elevation, allowing you to understand the shape of the land.

2. Location: Topographic maps utilize a grid system and coordinates to pinpoint specific locations. This allows you to navigate and determine distances between points.

3. Features: Topographic maps show various natural and man-made features, such as rivers, lakes, mountains, roads, buildings, and forests. These features are represented using symbols and labels for easy identification.