Latitude lines run horizontally around the globe, parallel to the equator. They measure the distance north or south of the equator.
* Equator: The most important latitude line, dividing the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is at 0 degrees latitude.
* Other latitude lines: Lines above the equator are in the Northern Hemisphere and have positive values (e.g., 30°N). Lines below the equator are in the Southern Hemisphere and have negative values (e.g., -30°S).
* Poles: The North Pole is at 90°N, and the South Pole is at 90°S.
Longitude lines run vertically from the North Pole to the South Pole. They measure the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.
* Prime Meridian: The most important longitude line, dividing the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. It is at 0 degrees longitude.
* Other longitude lines: Lines east of the Prime Meridian have positive values (e.g., 120°E), while lines west of it have negative values (e.g., -120°W).
In summary:
* Latitude: Distance north or south of the equator.
* Longitude: Distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.
Together, latitude and longitude lines form a grid system that allows us to identify any location on Earth with precise coordinates. This is essential for navigation, mapping, and understanding the Earth's geography.
