* Melting and Freezing: As a glacier moves, it melts at its base due to friction and pressure. This meltwater seeps into cracks and crevices in the bedrock beneath the glacier.
* Freezing: When temperatures drop, this meltwater freezes again, expanding and exerting pressure on the rock.
* Plucking: The expansion of the ice wedges the rock further apart, eventually breaking it off. The glacier then carries these plucked rocks along with it as it continues to flow.
This process is a major contributor to the erosion and transportation of rock by glaciers, shaping landscapes and contributing to the formation of glacial valleys, cirques, and other landforms.
