Explanation:

* Mafic rocks are rich in magnesium and iron, which have relatively low melting points. They also tend to have a higher proportion of dark-colored minerals like olivine and pyroxene.

* Felsic rocks are rich in silica and aluminum, which have higher melting points. They have a higher proportion of light-colored minerals like quartz and feldspar.

Factors contributing to faster cooling of mafic rocks:

* Lower melting points: Mafic minerals melt at lower temperatures, so they solidify faster.

* Higher thermal conductivity: Mafic rocks conduct heat more efficiently than felsic rocks, allowing heat to escape more readily.

* Fewer crystals: Mafic rocks often have smaller crystals, which increases the surface area available for heat dissipation.

Consequences of cooling rate:

The faster cooling rate of mafic rocks results in:

* Smaller crystal sizes: Mafic rocks typically have finer-grained textures.

* More rapid solidification: Mafic magmas solidify quickly, leading to the formation of volcanic features like lava flows and pillow lavas.

Examples:

* Basalt (mafic) cools rapidly to form volcanic rocks.

* Granite (felsic) cools slowly to form intrusive igneous rocks.

Conclusion:

Due to their lower melting points, higher thermal conductivity, and smaller crystal sizes, mafic rocks cool faster than felsic rocks. This difference in cooling rate has significant implications for the resulting rock textures and geological features.