* Abrasion: Glaciers carry rocks and sediment embedded within their ice. As they move, these rocks scrape and grind against the bedrock beneath, wearing it down like sandpaper. This process is called abrasion.
* Plucking: As the glacier melts, water seeps into cracks in the bedrock. This water freezes, expands, and widens the cracks. Eventually, pieces of rock break off and are incorporated into the ice, further contributing to the erosive process.
The combination of abrasion and plucking creates striations (parallel scratches) and cirques (bowl-shaped depressions) on the bedrock, evidence of the glacier's sandpaper-like action.
Key difference: Unlike sandpaper, glaciers are not static. Their constant movement, coupled with the presence of abrasive material, makes them much more powerful eroding agents.