The Earth's magnetic field is similar to that of a bar magnet, with a north magnetic pole and a south magnetic pole. The field lines around a bar magnet go from the north pole to the south pole, and the same is true for the Earth's magnetic field.

The Earth's magnetic field is caused by the movement of liquid iron in the Earth's outer core. This movement creates a magnetic field that is constantly changing, but it is always oriented with the north magnetic pole at the top and the south magnetic pole at the bottom.