1. Fossil Record: Fossils of the same plant and animal species have been found on different continents that are now separated by vast oceans, suggesting that they were once part of the same landmass. For example, the fossil of Mesosaurus, a freshwater reptile, has been found in both South America and Africa.

2. Geological Similarities: Matching rock formations and mountain ranges are found on different continents, indicating that they were once connected. For example, the Appalachian Mountains in North America and the Caledonian Mountains in Europe have similar rock formations and structures, suggesting that they were once part of the same mountain range.

3. Paleoclimatology: Evidence from ancient climates, such as the presence of glacial deposits in tropical regions, indicates that the continents have shifted over time. For example, evidence of glaciations in tropical areas of Africa and South America suggests that these regions were once located near the poles, which would have been possible if the continents had drifted to their current positions.