- Mountain belts: When two continents collide, the collision can cause the formation of mountain ranges. The Himalayas, formed due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, are an example of mountains formed by continental-continental convergence.
- Volcanic arcs: When oceanic plates converge beneath continental plates or along oceanic-oceanic boundaries, volcanoes can form. Volcanic arcs like the Cascade Range in the Pacific Northwest of the United States are created by this process.
- Accretionary wedges: As oceanic plates move beneath another plate, sediments and rocks can accumulate on the overriding plate, creating accretionary wedges. For instance, the accretionary wedge of the Juan de Fuca plate off the coast of Washington state is one such landform.
- Trenches: When an oceanic plate subducts beneath another plate, it forms a deep, narrow trough in the ocean floor called a trench. The deepest parts of the ocean, including the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific, are formed by these subduction zones.
