1. Surface mining: This method involves removing the surface layers of the earth to access the mineral deposits beneath. Surface mining is used when the mineral deposits are close to the surface and the terrain is relatively flat. There are several types of surface mining methods, including:

- Open-pit mining: This is the most common surface mining method, and involves digging a large open pit in the ground to access the mineral deposits.

- Quarrying: This method involves extracting rocks or minerals from a quarry, which is a large open-air pit.

- Placer mining: This method involves extracting minerals from loose deposits, such as gravel or sand.

2. Underground mining: This method involves digging tunnels or shafts underground to access the mineral deposits. Underground mining is used when the mineral deposits are located deep beneath the surface or when the terrain is too steep for surface mining. There are several types of underground mining methods, including:

- Room-and-pillar mining: This method involves creating a series of rooms and pillars underground, leaving the pillars to support the roof of the mine.

- Longwall mining: This method involves cutting a long, narrow slice of coal from the coal seam, using a machine called a longwall shearer.

- Subsurface mining: This method involves extracting minerals from deposits located deep beneath the surface, using specialized drilling and extraction techniques.

The choice of mining method depends on a number of factors, including the type of mineral being mined, the depth of the mineral deposit, the terrain, and the environmental regulations.