1) Alfisols: These soils have a high base saturation and are found in temperate regions of the world. They are typically well-drained and have a high clay content.

2) Andisols: These soils are found in volcanic regions and are characterized by their high organic matter content. They are typically dark in color and have a high water-holding capacity.

3) Aridisols: These soils are found in dry regions of the world and are characterized by their low organic matter content. They are typically light in color and have a low water-holding capacity.

4) Entisols: These soils are young and have not yet developed any distinct horizons. They are typically found in recently deposited sediments.

5) Gelisols: These soils are found in cold regions of the world and are characterized by their frozen subsoil. They are typically poorly drained and have a high ice content.

6) Histosols: These soils are composed of organic material and are typically found in wetlands. They are typically dark in color and have a high water-holding capacity.

7) Inceptisols: These soils are young but have begun to develop distinct horizons. They are typically found in areas that have recently undergone a change in climate or vegetation.

8) Mollisols: These soils have a high content of organic matter and are typically found in temperate grasslands. They are typically dark in color and have a high water-holding capacity.

9) Oxisols: These soils are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and are characterized by their low nutrient content. They are typically red or brown in color and have a low water-holding capacity.

10) Spodosols: These soils are found in temperate and boreal forests and are characterized by their high organic matter content and low base saturation. They are typically gray or brown in color and have a low water-holding capacity.

11) Ultisols: These soils are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and are characterized by their low base saturation and high clay content. They are typically red or brown in color and have a low water-holding capacity.

12) Vertisols: These soils are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and are characterized by their high clay content and ability to shrink and swell with changes in moisture content. They are typically black or gray in color and have a high water-holding capacity.