The north-east monsoon is caused by the seasonal shift in the position of the sun, which results in changes in atmospheric pressure and wind patterns. During the winter months, the sun is located in the southern hemisphere, causing air pressure to be higher over Asia and lower over the Indian Ocean. This pressure difference creates winds that blow from the high-pressure area over Asia towards the low-pressure area over the Indian Ocean. These winds are deflected by the Coriolis effect, which is a force that causes objects moving in the atmosphere to deviate from their straight-line path, resulting in the north-easterly direction of the winds.
The north-east monsoon brings cooler temperatures to South and Southeast Asia, with average temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). It also brings drier conditions, with less rainfall compared to other seasons. In some areas, such as in India, the north-east monsoon is associated with the dry season.
The north-east monsoon plays an important role in the climate and weather patterns of South and Southeast Asia. It affects the distribution of rainfall, influences agricultural activities, and shapes the vegetation of the region. However, it can also bring adverse effects, including strong winds, heavy rainfall, and flooding during the monsoon transition periods.
