1. Central Mountain Range:

- The Central Mountain Range is the backbone of Taiwan, running from north to south. It includes several peaks over 3,000 meters (9,800 feet), including Jade Mountain (Yushan), the highest mountain in Taiwan (3,952 meters or 12,966 feet).

2. Coastal Plains:

- Narrow coastal plains stretch along the western and eastern coasts of Taiwan. These fertile plains are home to most of the island's population and agricultural activities.

3. Foothills:

- Foothills flank the Central Mountain Range on both sides. These sloping areas transition from the mountainous interior to the coastal plains.

4. Volcanic Peaks:

- Taiwan has several volcanic peaks, mostly located on the northern and eastern parts of the island. Some notable volcanic mountains include Mount Datun, Mount Qilai, and Mount Taroko.

5. Rift Valleys:

- The Longitudinal Valley and the East Rift Valley are two major rift valleys in Taiwan. These long and narrow valleys run parallel to the Central Mountain Range and are separated by mountain ridges.

6. Offshore Islands:

- Taiwan has several offshore islands, including Penghu (Pescadores), Kinmen, Matzu, and Green Island. These islands are located near the Chinese mainland.

7. Beaches and Coastlines:

- Taiwan boasts stunning beaches and coastlines, ranging from sandy shores to rocky cliffs. Notable beaches include Kenting Beach, Fulong Beach, and Qingshui Cliff.

8. Rivers:

- Taiwan has numerous rivers, most of which originate in the Central Mountain Range. The major rivers include the Tamsui River, the Zhuoshui River, and the Gaoping River.

9. Lakes:

- There are several natural and artificial lakes in Taiwan. Sun Moon Lake, located in central Taiwan, is the largest natural lake. Other lakes include Lake Candidius and Lake Taroko.

10. Karsts:

- Karst topography, characterized by limestone formations and underground caves, is found in several areas of Taiwan, including the Southern Cross-Island Highway area.