Using satellite images and machine learning algorithms, the researchers mapped the locations and extent of irrigated lands worldwide from 1980 to 2020. The maps reveal that while the total irrigated area has increased by almost 20% during this period, there are significant regional variations in irrigation trends.
The study found that India, China, and the United States account for more than half of the global increase in irrigated area. South and East Asia experienced the most substantial expansion, with some regions showing an increase of up to 80%. In contrast, irrigated areas declined in several parts of the world, particularly in Central Asia and the Middle East.
The researchers emphasize the importance of these maps in supporting sustainable water management and food security. The information can help identify areas where irrigation development is needed to enhance agricultural productivity and food production. Simultaneously, it can aid in targeting policies and investments to address water scarcity and environmental challenges related to excessive irrigation.
By monitoring trends in irrigated areas and understanding the underlying factors influencing changes, policymakers and water managers can make informed decisions to balance the competing demands for water resources in the face of climate change and population growth. These global maps, updated regularly, contribute to achieving sustainable water use and ensuring long-term food security.
