Light energy is transformed into chemical energy by the chloroplast in plants. This chemical energy is stored in the form of glucose, a type of sugar.

Here's how it works:

1. Light absorption: Chlorophyll, the green pigment in chloroplasts, absorbs light energy, primarily in the red and blue wavelengths.

2. Electron excitation: The absorbed light energy excites electrons within the chlorophyll molecule, raising them to a higher energy level.

3. Electron transport: These high-energy electrons are passed along a chain of electron carriers within the chloroplast, releasing energy along the way.

4. ATP and NADPH production: This energy is used to generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the cell's primary energy currency, and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), a reducing agent.

5. Carbon dioxide fixation: ATP and NADPH are then used to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into glucose, a process called carbon fixation.

This whole process is called photosynthesis, and it allows plants to use sunlight to create their own food, powering their growth and development.